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| Last Updated:: 16/02/2017

Agriculture

Source : Department of Planning, Uttar Pardesh (as per Annual Plan 2014-15)

 

Agriculture

 

Uttar Pradesh is not only the most populous but the fifth largest state in India. It is located between 23052’-31028’N Latitudes and 7704’-84o38’E longitudes. Geographically it is situated in one of the most fertile tracts of the country i.e. Ganga and Yamuna basin. Its population of 19.96 crores is 16% of the country, which is more than that of many other countries of the world but occupies only 7.36% of the total area of the country. It produces not only sufficient food grains for the sustenance of its population but also fulfills the food grains requirement of other states and generate a surplus for export as well.

 

Contribution of U.P. in Food Basket of Country 

 

Name of Crops

Production during 2012-13 (in Lakh MT)

Contribution of U.P. %

 

India

U.P.

 

Total Food grain

2663.8

519.10

19.49

Rice

1044.00

144.16

13.81

Wheat

824.60

313.32

38.00

Jowar

63.3

2048

3.92

Bajra

87.4

17.58

20.11

Maize

222.3

13.69

6.16

Total Pulses

184.6

23.22

12.63

Gram

88.8

6.76

7.61

Arhar

30.7

3.25

10.59

Lentil (2010-11)

99.4

4.22

4.25

Total Oilseeds

310.06

10.28

3.32

Groundnut

47.49

0.94

1.98

Rapeseed/Mustard

78.20

8.36

10.69

Sunflower

0.98

0.02

2.04

Sugarcane

3389.63

1379.04

40.68

 

Agro-climatic Zones
 

In order to drive maximum benefit from the available resource and prevailing growing conditions, an agro-climatic orientation is necessary in land use planning. Such an approach provides the desirable framework of sustainable use of land, water and vegetation. Planning Commission of India has identified 15 Resource Development Regions in the country, 14 in the Mainland and remaining 1 in the Islands of Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. The goal was to organize Agricultural Planning Systems for 15 Agro climatic regions so identified and to develop policies for further Agricultural Development on Regional basis.  The country was divided into 126 agro-climatic zones. Later on 3 more zones for Andaman and Nicobar Island and 2 zones for Pondicherry were delineated.

The concept of zoning was mainly based on ecological land classification recognizing various components like soils, climate, topography, vegetation and crops etc. as major influencing factors. The zones were selected as contiguous areas within the State boundary and to the possible extent zones have homogenous physical characteristics such as Topography, Rainfall, Soils, Cropping pattern and Irrigation availability. Uttar Pradesh, on the basis on rainfall, terrain and soils has been divided into 9 agro-climatic zones.

Growth Rate

  1. The growth rate in agriculture sector above 5% has been recorded during the fifth plan and two annual plan periods. The expected growth rate in the Xth   plan is 2.10% in the state where as the national growth rate is 1.80% in the same period. Plan wise growth status shown in the following table:-
  2.  

Agriculture and Allied Sectors Growth Rate in Plan Periods 

 

 

Plan

Agriculture & Allied Sectors (%)

Overall Economy (%)

U.P.

India

U.P.

India

1.

First Plan (1951-56)

1.86

2.71

2.12

3.60

2.

Second Plan (1956-61)

1.48

3.15

1.75

3.95

3.

Third Plan (1961-66)

(-)  0.09

(-)  0.73

1.58

2.32

4.

Three Annual Plan (1966-69)

0.62

4.16

0.32

3.69

5.

Fourth Plan (1969-74)

0.94

2.57

2.23

3.25

6.

Fifth Plan (1974-79)

5.23

3.28

5.70

5.30

7.

Sixth Plan (1981-85)

2.54

2.52

4.11

4.10

8.

Seventh Plan (1985-90)

2.69

3.47

5.70

5.80

9.

Two Annual Plan (1990-92)

5.42

1.01

3.14

2.47

10.

Eighth Plan (1992-97)

2.70

3.90

3.20

6.80

11.

Ninth Plan (1997-02)

0.80

1.90

2.00

5.60

12.

Tenth  Plan (2002-07)

2.10

1.10

5.30

7.70

13

Eleventh Plan(2007-12)

2.70

3.60

7.00

7.80

 

 

Source -wise Irrigation Status

Agro-climatic Zone -wise and source-wise irrigation status of the year 2012-13 is as under:- 

                                                                                                   Lakh Ha 

 

Particulars

Tarai

WP

MWP

SWS

DP

MP

BUND

NEP

EP

VIN

Uttar

Pradesh

1

Canal

0.98

1.66

0.43

2.63

6.04

4.30

1.35

6.65

1.49

25.55

 

Tube-wells Govt.

0.15

0.16

0.23

0.29

0.72

0.54

1.47

1.10

0.24

4.90

 

Private

8.50

10.00

8.93

13.33

23.98

2.90

12.72

15.79

0.58

96.71

 

Total

8.66

10.15

9.15

13.67

24.70

3.44

14.89

16.89

0.82

101.62

2

Other wells

1.45

0.18

2.12

0.36

0.95

2.99

0.29

0.01

0.12

8.48

3

Tank etc

@

0.00

@

@

0.03

8.68

0.19

@

0.07

0.99

4

Other Means

0.07

0.02

0.56

@

0.02

0.39

0.29

@

0.11

1.26

5

Net Irrigated Area

11.15

12.01

12.27

16.62

31.74

11.82

16.31

23.56

2.60

138.09

6

Area irrigated More Than once

05.08

7.23

6.99

6.30

14.19

0.85

4.51

14.66

1.11

60.92

7

Kharif

8.78

10.97

7.86

5.59

16.84

0.79

6.58

16.60

1.53

75.54

8

Rabi

6.72

7.24

9.85

16.17

27.15

11.60

14.03

20.30

2.14

115.20

9

Zaid

0.72

1.03

1.56

1.06

1.95

0.27

0.21

1.32

0.04

8.27

10

Total

16.23

19.23

19.27

22.92

45.94

12.66

20.83

38.22

3.71

199.01

 

Gross Irri. Area

16.23

19.23

19.27

22.92

45.94

12.66

20.83

38.22

3.71

199.01

1

Other wells

2.83

0.52

6.37

0.64

2.51

3.01

1.21

0.03

0.20

17.30

 

Tube-wells Govt.

0.28

0.29

1.05

0.68

0.91

0.58

0.96

1.56

0.27

6.57

 

Private

11.70

15.74

10.85

17.35

33.00

2.83

16.36

25.55

0.89

134.27

 

Total

11.98

16.03

11.89

18.03

33.91

3.41

17.32

27.11

11.55

140.85

2

Canal

1.41

2.68

0.70

4.24

9.45

5.28

2.00

11.04

2.18

39.00

3

Tank etc

@

@

0.01

@

0.05

0.92

0.25

0.02

0.13

1.40

4

Other Means

0.01

@

0.29

@

0.02

0.04

0.04

0.02

0.04

0.46

 

*(WP=Western Plain, MWP= Mid Western Plain, SWSDP= South Western Semi Dry Plain,  MP= Mid Plain, BUND= Bundelkhand, NEP= North-Eastern Plain, EP= Eastern Plain, VIN= Vindhyan, @=figures are below 500)

Cropping Pattern/Coverage

 

Paddy and Wheat are the most important crops of the State. Maximum area is being used for cultivation of food grains of which only 9.39% is covered under pulses. Approximately 78.30% of the gross cropped area is devoted for the production of food grains. Other important crops grown in the State are sugarcane, potato, mustard, groundnut, gram, pea and lentil. The sunflower and soybeans have also been introduced successfully in the State during past. The cropping pattern in various agro-climatic zones and agro-economic regions in the State however differ significantly in terms of commodities and seasonal crops.